Tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex network of tumor cells, infiltrating and resident host cells (immune and inflammatory cell, fibroblasts and myofibroblasts,etc), the blood and lymphatic vascular network,extracellular matrix (ECM), secreted factors(cytokines, chemokines,etc), the metabolites and microvesicles (exosomes,etc).
Hypoxia and Angiogensis represent an important cellular player in the tumor microenvironment. Cancer cells are frequently surrounded by hypoxic microenvironment and, to survive, they have evolved multiple adaptations. One of the hallmark adaptations for cancer cells is the rewired metabolism, which is so-called tumor metabolic reprogramming, resulting in neoangiogenesis, metastasis, and immune evasion. Several hypoxia-responsive molecular determinants, such as hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), guide the cellular adaptation to hypoxia by gene activation. HIFs promotes vessel growth by upregulating multiple pro-angiogenic factors such as growth factors, cytokines, chemokines and ECM remodeling MMPs that mediate key aspects of endothelial, stromal, and vascular support cell biology.
Summary: top research targets of Hypoxia and Angiogensis
The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) family : HIF-1α, HIF-1β,HIF-2α
Growth factors:VEGF, bFGF, PDGF, EGF, TGF-β,HGF, IGF-1,etc
Chemokines:SDF-1, CXCL12, IL-8,etc
Regulators of angiogenesis:Angiopoietin-1, -2, EPO, Endothelin-1, tPA, thrombospondin-1, VWF,etc
Receptors:VEGFRs, FGFR, PDGFR, Tie-1,-2, Eph, Integrins, Notch,etc
Signal regulating kinases:AKT, ERK, p38, JNK, FAK,etc
Nitric oxide synthase:eNOS, iNOS
Metalloproteinase:MMP1, MMP2, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-9, MT1-MMP,etc
Oxidoreductases:HO-1, NOXs, COX-2,etc
Endothelial cell markers:PECAM-1/CD31
Vascular permeability markers:VE-Cadherin
Representative Antibodies
[KO Validated] HIF1α Rabbit pAb (AB-A16873)
HIF1β/ARNT Rabbit mAb (AB-A19532)
MMP2 Rabbit pAb (AB-A6247)
MMP3 Rabbit mAb (AB-A11418)
MMP7 Rabbit pAb (AB-A0695)
MMP9 Rabbit pAb (AB-A0289)
Heme Oxygenase 1 (HO-1/HMOX1) Rabbit mAb (AB-A19062)
CD31/PECAM1 Rabbit mAb (AB-A19014)
CD31/PECAM1 Rabbit mAb (AB-A20228)
Representative ELISA Kits
Representative Products for Growth Factors |
Target Name | CatalogNo | Product Name | Assay Range |
VEGFA | AB-RK00023 | Human VEGFA ELISA Kit | 31.2-2000pg/ml |
AB-RK00028 | Mouse VEGFA ELISA Kit | 15.6-1000pg/ml |
AB-RK00066 | Rat VEGFA ELISA Kit | 15.6-1000 pg/ml |
AB-RK00567 | Canine Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ELISA Kit (VEGFA) | 15.6-1000 pg/mL |
AB-RK02493 | Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor 121 ELISA Kit (VEGF121) | 15.6-1000 pg/mL |
AB-RK02494 | Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor 165 ELISA Kit (VEGF165) | 15.6-1000 pg/mL |
AB-RK03274 | Mouse Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor 121 ELISA Kit (VEGF121) | 15.6-1000 pg/mL |
AB-RK03382 | Porcine Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ELISA Kit (VEGFA) | 15.62-1000 pg/mL |
VEGFB | AB-RK06286 | Bovine Vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGFB) ELISA Kit | 31.2-2000pg/mL |
VEGFC | AB-RK02496 | Human Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C ELISA Kit (VEGFC) | 78-5,000 pg/mL |
AB-RK03276 | Mouse Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C ELISA Kit (VEGFC) | 15.6-1000 pg/mL |
EGF | AB-RK00024 | Human EGF ELISA Kit | 1.56-100 pg/ml |
AB-RK00024HS | Human EGF ELISA Kit (High Sensitivity) | 1.56-100 pg/ml |
AB-RK00197 | Rat EGF ELISA Kit | 15.6-1000 pg/mL |
AB-RK00364 | Mouse EGF ELISA Kit | 3.9-250pg/ml |
AB-RK03317 | Porcine Epidermal Growth Factor ELISA Kit (EGF) | 15.6-1000 pg/mL |
AB-RK06984 | Dog Pro-epidermal growth factor (EGF) ELISA Kit | 31.2-2000pg/mL |
AB-RK06985 | Pig Pro-epidermal growth factor (EGF) ELISA Kit | 15.6-1000pg/mL |
TGFβ1 | AB-RK00055 | Human TGF-beta 1 ELISA Kit | 31.2-2000 pg/ml |
AB-RK00057 | Mouse TGF-beta 1 ELISA Kit | 7.8-500 pg/mL |
AB-RK00059 | Rat Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 ELISA Kit (TGFb1) | 31.2-2000pg/ml |
AB-RK00755 | Guinea pig Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 ELISA Kit (TGFb1) | 15.6-1000 pg/mL |
AB-RK00771 | Horse Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 ELISA Kit (TGFb1) | 78-5000 pg/mL |
AB-RK06255 | Chicken TGF beta-1 proprotein (TGFB1) ELISA Kit | 31.2-2000pg/mL |
HGF | AB-RK03404 | Rabbit Hepatocyte Growth Factor ELISA Kit (HGF) | 15.6-1000 pg/mL |
AB-RK06117 | Bovine Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) ELISA Kit | 0.156-10ng/mL |
AB-RK09321 | Rat Hepatocyte Growth Factor ELISA Kit (HGF) | 31.2-2000pg/mL |
Representative Products for Chemokines |
Target Name | CatalogNo | Product Name | Assay Range |
CXCL12 | AB-RK00140 | Human SDF-1 alpha ELISA Kit | 125-8000 pg/mL |
AB-RK00168 | Mouse CXCL12/SDF-1 ELISA Kit | 46.8-3000pg/ml |
AB-RK02255 | Human Stromal Cell Derived Factor 1 ELISA Kit (SDF1) | 0.156-10 ng/ml |
AB-RK03177 | Mouse Stromal Cell Derived Factor 1 ELISA Kit (SDF1) | 62.5-4000 pg/mL |
AB-RK03366 | Porcine Stromal Cell Derived Factor 1 ELISA Kit (SDF1) | 0.156-10 ng/ml |
AB-RK03939 | Rat Stromal Cell Derived Factor 1 ELISA Kit (SDF1) | 15.6-1000 pg/mL |
Representative Products for Metalloproteinase |
Target Name | CatalogNo | Product Name | Assay Range |
MMP1 | AB-RK00340 | Human Total MMP-1 ELISA Kit | 156-10000 pg/mL |
AB-RK00765 | Horse Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ELISA Kit (MMP1) | 0.312-20 ng/ml |
AB-RK03354 | Porcine Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 ELISA Kit (MMP3) | 4.69-300 ng/ml |
AB-RK04041 | Sheep Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ELISA Kit (MMP1) | 0.312-20 ng/ml |
AB-RK06196 | Bovine Interstitial collagenase (MMP1) ELISA Kit | 0.156-10ng/mL |
AB-RK06197 | Pig Interstitial collagenase (MMP1) ELISA Kit | 0.156-10ng/mL |
AB-RK09325 | Rat Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 ELISA Kit (MMP1) | 15.6-1000pg/mL |
MMP2 | AB-RK00309 | Human Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ELISA Kit (MMP2) | 0.625-40 ng/ml |
AB-RK03353 | Porcine Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ELISA Kit (MMP2) | 31.2-2000 pg/mL |
AB-RK06200 | Chicken 72 kDa type IV collagenase (MMP2) ELISA Kit | 0.312-20ng/mL |
MMP3 | AB-RK00767 | Horse Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 ELISA Kit (MMP3) | 31.25-2000 pg/mL |
AB-RK01869 | Human Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 ELISA Kit (MMP3) | 31.2-2000 pg/mL |
AB-RK06201 | Mouse Stromelysin-1 (Mmp3) ELISA Kit | 78-5000pg/mL |
MMP7 | AB-RK00492 | Bovine Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 ELISA Kit (MMP7) | 15.6-1000 pg/mL |
AB-RK01870 | Human Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 ELISA Kit (MMP7) | 0.156-10 ng/ml |
AB-RK09314 | Mouse Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 ELISA Kit (MMP7) | 78-5000pg/mL |